Kernelization transforms bilinear data—typically arising from exponential decays—into a richer, trilinear representation by convolving signals with a set of normalized kernels. These kernels capture essential temporal features, such as impulsive events and gradual decays, expanding the data into an additional dimension. The resulting trilinear structure is especially useful in applications like multiexponential signal analysis, where decomposition of complex, overlapping signals is critical.
Adrián Gómez-Sánchez [1,2]Raffaele Vitale [1]Olivier Devos [1]Anna de Juan [2]Cyril Ruckebusch [1]
[1]Chemometrics Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal, 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain[2]Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR LASIRe, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour Les Intéractions La Réactivité et L’Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France